At their core, rapid tests operate on simple yet ingenious principles. Most rely on immunoassays, where specific antibodies or antigens in the sample interact with corresponding markers on the test device, triggering a visible signal such as a color change. This reaction is then interpreted by the user, often with the aid of a reference guide or electronic reader.
One of the key advantages of rapid tests lies in their portability and ease of use. Unlike traditional laboratory tests that require specialized equipment and trained personnel, rapid tests can be administered almost anywhere by individuals with minimal training. This versatility makes them invaluable in remote or resource-limited settings, where access to conventional diagnostic facilities may be limited.